Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) likely originated from the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Although not native to the British Isles, it arrived there in the late 16th century.
Since its introduction, it has gained worldwide popularity for its ornamental value and natural beauty. The tree grows up to 39 meters tall, with palmately compound leaves and distinctive horseshoe-shaped leaf scars.
In spring, it produces erect panicles of white flowers with yellow to pink blotches. The spiky green capsules contain glossy nut-brown seeds known as conkers or horse-chestnuts. The name “horse chestnut” comes from the resemblance to sweet chestnuts, and folklore suggests that the seeds could help panting or coughing horses.