Eucalyptus, a genus of more than 700 species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae, has a fascinating evolutionary history. These iconic “gum trees” are primarily native to Australia, where they dominate approximately three-quarters of the forests.
However, their roots trace back even further—to the ancient supercontinent Gondwana. Around 52 million years ago, during the Eocene epoch, eucalypts began their journey. Fossils with intricate leaf and fruit details have been discovered in Patagonia, South America, providing evidence of their early existence.
The name “Eucalyptus” itself reflects their unique flower buds, covered by an “operculum”, a cap-like structure. Beyond Australia, eucalypts have been cultivated in other countries for their fast growth, valuable timber, honey production, and essential oils.
